On 31 July 2026 the Munich District Court delivered the first major European ruling holding that training an AI model on protected musical works without a licence can infringe copyright even where the training itself takes place outside the EU.
In GEMA — the German collecting society for songwriters, composers and publishers — against Suno, the court largely granted injunctive relief, disclosure, and a declaration of entitlement to damages. Four acts were prohibited in relation to six compositions: reproduction for training in the United States, reproduction by memorisation in the model, communication to the public by offering the model, and reproduction and communication to the public through its outputs.
A caution: the judgment is not final. GEMA v. OpenAI is pending before the Munich Court of Appeals, and the CJEU's Like Company ruling is expected in September 2026.